Llanelli Naturalists Newsletter - Summer 1993 - No 55
Richard Pryce

Progress with recording continues apace with emphasis being placed not only upon site recording but also upon the more critical taxa: Rosa, Salix and Taraxacum for instance. The annual recording meeting based in Carmarthen provided the usual tally of new records and during the year both George Hutchinson (GH) and Ian Morgan (IKM) continued unrelentlessly to bombard me with data. In fact, for the second year running, Ian has provided me with a short report of his most significant records and I am grateful to him for allowing me to reprint extracts below. The following account can only mention a selection of the most notable and interesting records made during the year.

Several significant discoveries were made in 1992 although new vice-county records (vcr) were mainly confined to the micro-specific level or aliens. The first Welsh record of Symphoricarpos x chenaultii (Pink Snowberry) was found in the disused Forge Quarry, north of Cwmdwyfran (22/408257) in August by GH (det. Rodney Burton) but is likely to be a relict of cultivation growing near the site of possible old offices. Another first Welsh record was of Portulaca oleracea (Common Purslane), a native of the Mediterranean region, which was discovered as a garden weed in Laugharne (22/299106) by John Rees (JR) who also submitted a specimen of an Amaranthus (an amaranth) found growing in the garden of Dylan Thomas' Boathouse (22/304108) which unfortunately was too immature to determine with certainty but is probably A.retroflexus (JR, ref.B.Ryves). Also from Dylan's Boathouse was the second vcr for the grass Digitaria sanguinalis (Hairy Finger-grass) (JR, det GH).

R.D.Meikle (RDM) confirmed first vcrs of the.White Willow varieties, Salix alba var. alba from the western bank of the River Loughor near Llanedi (22/588061) (IKM) and S.alba var. caerulea (the "Cricket-bat Willow") from near Kidwelly (22/413043 & 22/415049) (IKM). He also confirmed the second vcr of S.alba var. vitellina (the "Golden Willow") from a hedge near Llwynhendy (21 /541986) (IKM & RDP, 1982). The white willows of the coastal lowlands southeast of Llanelli are almost entirely S. alba var. vitellina, though var. caerulea occurs in the Lower Gwendraeth valley, for example alongside the main road between Pembrey and Kidwelly. Many specimens of S.fragilis (Crack Willow) were det. to variety level by RDM and included a first vcr for var.furcata from near Morfa'r Ynys Farm, Morfa (21/522991) (IKM). However, most of the S. fragilis found on the coastal belt between Bynea and Kidwelly has proved to be var. russelliana (the "Bedford Willow"), though other individuals of var. furcata occur, for example, near Dafen Pond, 22/530013, and on the bank of the Loughor at Pant-y-ffynnon, 22/621109. Other notable willow finds included the second vcr of S.daphnoides (Violet Willow) comprising a line of specimens at least 10m high noted by members of the Pembrey Forest Conservation Panel from within the forest close to the boundary with the Pembrey Country Park (22 /405012) (col. RDP, det. GH). Many additional records of various hybrid willows have been made by GH and IKM (conf. or det RDM) which they intend to write-up in a future report.

With the publication of the BSBI Rosa Handbook imminent, the referees Tony Primavesi (ALP) and Gordon Graham (GGG), between them, checked and redetermined all Rosa material in NMW except that qualifying under the "criteria" (Graham et al, c.1992) which were accepted as having been determined correctly in the past In addition GH, IKM & RDP made several forays specifically to collect new material. Resulting from this, a specimen collected by GH & RDP from a hedge at Marros (22 /206084) subsequently proved to be Rosa arvensis (female) x R. tomentosa (male), a hybrid new to science (det ALP, conf. GGG). On the same day (7 Sept), GH & RDP also collected Rosa arvensis (female) x R. caesia subsp. glauca (der.. ALP), the first Welsh record for a R. arvensis x R. caesia cross. First vcrs also included the following:

R.arvensis (t) x R. stylosa (m), near Gilman Point, 22 /222090, col. GH & RDP, det GGG;

R. caesia subsp. caesia (f) x R. canina (m), Cynghordy, 22/8040, LM.Vaughan (IMV), 1958, det. ALP;

R. caesia subsp. glauca (0 x R. canina (m), near Ystradffin, 22/790473, IMV, 1952, det ALP;

R. canina (f) x R. caesia subsp. glauca (m), near Cenarth, 22/261404, GH & RDP, det GGG;

R. canina (f) x R. stylosa (m), Ferryside, 22 /3610, IMV, 1977, det ALP;

R. canina (f) x R. tomentosa (m), near Telpyn Farm, 22 /181076, GH & RDP, det ALP;

R. pimpinellifolia x R. sherardii (=R. x involuta), 2km south of Capel Gwynfe, 22 /713215, M&JI, 1987, det ALP;

R. stylosa (f) x R. canina (m), Cwm Felin, Bynea, 21/546996,1KM, det. ALP, 1993 and

R. tomentosa (f) x R. canina (m) (=R. x curvispina), Rhiw, Cilycwm, 22 /760421, IMV, 1966, det. ALP.

Neither were the dandelions neglected. About 25 specimens were submitted to John Richards who determined several first vcrs (in Jan. 1993): Taraxacum inane from Burry Port, 22/442002 (GH, 1990), T. intumescens and 7'. undulatiflorum from near Carmarthen railway station, 22 /412197 (GH, 1989) and T. expallidiforme, T. necessarium, T. piceatum, and T. porteri from the banks of the reinstated section of the River Lash following opencast working, near Llandybie, 22 /610146, (RDP, 1990).

Also on land disturbed by past opencast working near Llandybie, a dense stand c.1m x 0.6m of Genista tinctoria (Dyer's Greenweed) was found on the side of the old site access road (22/597143). The area was generally species-rich and showed good recolonisation.

In contrast to the fifty or so plants found in the previous year, only about twelve plants of Parentucellia viscosa (Yellow Bartsia) were counted growing on disturbed ground at the periphery of the working Garnant opencast site in 1992. The decrease in numbers may be due to insufficient disturbance to the soil which resulted in less than optimum conditions for germination.

IKM found Persicaria minor (=Polygonum minus) (Small Water-pepp, growing in the muddy, grazed margins of the Gwaith Go-bach pond below Dinefwr Castle Woods (22 /619221), providing the second recent record for this small knotweed. Late May saw the discovery, also by IKM, of Trifolium ornithopodioides (Fenugreek), growing amongst a sward of other small legumes low-lying clayey ground below the disused Morlais Colliery, Llangennech (22 /571021) and was the second post 1970 vcr.

Undoubtedly the most notable upland record was a population of Moenchia erecta (Upright Chickweed), the 2nd recent vcr, found, together with abundant Ornithopus perpusillus, (Bird's-foot) on a dry, sunny, bank in Cwm Crychan (22/820390) (IKM). In the same vicinity, M&JI recorded Ornithopus at 22/824390 whilst Dryopteris carthusiana (Narrow-leaved Buckler-fern), Wahlenbergia hederacea (Ivy-leaved Bellflower), Narthecium ossifragum (Bog Asphodel) and Carum verticillatum (Whorled Caraway) were growing in an acid mire nearby at 22/824388. Ornithopus was also discovered growing on a roadside bank at Taliaris (22/634281) independently by both IKM and GH & RDP.

Following the previous year's discovery of a single plant of Huperzia selago (Fir Clubmoss) in an old limestone quarry on the northern flanks of Mynydd Du (IKM & RDP), another singleton was found by IKM in April 1992 in dwarf-shrub heath of Empetrum nigrum (Crowberry) amongst southeast-facing rocks on the Tair Carn Ridge (22/687168). There is no doubt that the overstocking of sheep is responsible for the extreme rarity of clubmosses in the vice-county.

I Noteworthy sites discovered during the Carmarthen-based Recording Meeting at the end of July included:

a Molinia caerulea (Purple Moor-grass) dominated wetland near Goetre Wen (22/550047) with Calluna vulgaris (Heather), Erica tetralix (Cross-leaved Heath), Genista anglica (Petty Whin), Scutellaria minor (Lesser Skullcap), Salix repens (Creeping Willow) and Carum verticillatum (John Killick (HJK) & Dorothy Brookman (DB)); acid moorland near Maesllan (22/587425) with Rhynchospora alba (White Beak-sedge), Drosera rotundifolia (Common Sundew), Menyanthes trifoliata (Bogbean), Carum, Wahlenbergia and Narthecium (HJK, Jim Bevan (JB) & Mike Smith (MS)); a mire at Crugydeirne (22/297248) with Hypericum elodes (Bog StJohn's Wort), Scutellaria minor and Wahlenbergia (HJK,JB & MS): marshy fields dominated by Molinia east of Abergorlech (c.22/6032) with Platanthera chlorantha (Greater Butterfly Orchid), Carex hostiana (Tawny Sedge) and Carum (Trevor Crosby (TSC)); Molinia - Filipendula ulmaria (Meadow-sweet) dominated marshy grassland east of Llidiad-Nenog (22/555374) with Carex pallescens (Pale Sedge) and Equisetum sylvaticum (Wood Horsetail) (Jean Green (JAG) & DB); a small area of acid mire near Pen-Lifau (723398) with Rhynchospora alba, Drosera rotundifolia, Narthecium, Erica tetralix and Carum with Lycopus europaeus (Gipsywort) and Hypericum elodes nearby (M&JI); various habitats in the vicinity of Dolau Bran (22/7938) with Cirsium dissectum (Meadow Thistle), Carex pallescens, Veronica scutellata (Pink Water-speedwell) and Scutellaria galericulata (Common Scullcap) (M&JI); a remnant valley mire and flushes east of Blodeuen (22/485361 to 22 /485359) with Hypericum elodes, Narthecium, Drosera rotundifolia and Carum (RDP) and various acid wetland habitats at Mynydd Figyn (22/53v) with Sanguisorba officinalis (Great Burnet), Potentilla palustris (Marsh Cinquefoil), Dryopteris carthusiana, Hypericum elodes, Menyanthes, Drosera rotundifolia, Carum etc (JAG).

Carum verticillatum was frequently noted by many recorders and was found to be new to seven tetrads: 22/42p, 22 /43m, 22 /43x, 22/43y, 22 /53g, 22 /62g and 22 /73f. However, the species continues to be elusive from several 10km squares but I remain hopeful that it may be discovered in 22/21, 22 /30 and 22/82. Dinefwr District was surveyed by the Countryside Council for Wales' Phase 1 Grassland Survey Team led by Pippa Whitton. Every field was examined and vegetation types were recorded. New sites for many notable species were recorded and the new 10km square records are listed below. All were recorded by Alison Cox. Ophioglossum vulgatum (Adder's-tongue) from Pen-y-graig, Upper Brynamman (22 /720148); Equisetum sylvaticum from near Maes-Llech (22/638096 & 22/639097); Genista anglica from near Henrhyd (22/676097) and near Upper Brynamman, (22 /702145); Genista tinctoria from near Henrhyd (22/676097) and near Upper Brynamman (22 /705144); Menyanthes trifoliata from west of Cwmgors (22/698095); Serratula tinctoria (Saw-wort) from near Upper Brynamman (22 /702145);

Isolepis setacea (Bristle Club-rush) from near Hafod (22 /677092); Briza media (Quaking Grass) from near Maes-Llech (22 /64009. Gymnadenia conopsea (Fragrant Orchid) from near Upper Brynamman (22/702145).

The best unimproved grassland sites found in the Phase 1 survey were subsequently re-examined by Phase 2 surveyors, Jamie Bevan and Dawn Gray (JMB & DG) who identified the National Vegetation Classification (NVC) types present. Two such sites produced the second and third vcrs of Carex montana (Soft-leaved Sedge) "growing in a dry acid grassland community with slight calcareous influence". Both sites, one above Betws, southeast of Ammanford (22/655117) (which had about five plants), and the other at Dolycoed, west of Brynamman (22/699144) (about fifteen plants), also had Vicia orobus (Wood Bitter-vetch) and Sanguisorba officinalis (Great Burnet). The former also had Genista anglica (Petty Whin), Cirsium dissectum (Meadow Thistle), Salix repens (Creeping Willow) and Pimpinella saxifraga (Burnet Saxifrage). These two sites, at 160m and 200m elevation respectively, contrast very strongly with the only other C. montana population in the vc, on the limestone grassland at Carreg-yr-Ogof, on Mynydd Du (22/777215) at 570m. Here associates include Carex caryophyllea (Spring Sedge), Gymnocarpium robertianum (Limestone Fern), Asplenium viride (Green Spleenwort), Galium boreale (Northern Bedstraw), Saxifraga hypnoides (Mossy Saxifrage), and Thalictrum minus (Lesser Meadow-rue). Vicia orobus was also found at Llwyn-y-cwn, again near Betws (22/642101), where a small stand covered an area of c.5m x 5m.

Another site surveyed at Phase 2 level was Pwll Edrychiad, near Carmel (22/584162) and referred to as Caeau Carmel by JMB & DG. This site forms the floor and flanks of a depression in the Carboniferous Limestone outcrop and includes mesotrophic and calcareous grassland as well as a damp acidic element with rushes and Molinia. Particularly notable were the large populations (c.200-300 spikes) of Platanthera chlorantha (Greater Butterfly Orchid) (Davies, 1993) and Carum verticillatum (Whorled Caraway) with a few plants of Cirsium dissectum. Also recorded were Sanguisorba officinalis (Greater Burnet), Pimpinella saxifraga (Burnet Saxifrage) and Succisa pratensis (Devil's-bit Scabious)

(A Llanelli Naturalists meeting is to be held here on 17 July).

IKM reported another population of P. chlorantha comprising some 65 spikes in a pasture northeast of Middleton Hall (22/524187), adorning a sloping area of unimproved, neutral grassland.

A ditch near Llwynhendy (21/539989) supported the probably under-recorded Rorippa microphylla (Narrow-fruited Watercress) (IKM, conf. GH). The old settling lagoons and nearby dry grassland just east of the now demolished Burry Port Power Station (22/457005) have a surprisingly diverse and colourful flora based on soils derived from pulverised fuel ash with, for example, hundreds of spikes of Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Southern Marsh-orchid). Nearby at Tywyn Bach (22/457005), 1992 was a good year for Glaucium flavum (Yellow-horned Poppy) where 1KM counted 223 plants on the shingle in early May. He also discovered six plants of Osmunda regalis (Royal Fern) growing on "floating islands" in one of the remaining flooded pfa lagoons near the western end of Pwll (22/472010), an unexpected find, the species being more typical of rank hog margins and willow carr.

The stonewort, Chara vulgaris var. longibracteata (RDP, det. Alan Orange (AO)), growing in the Pembrey Canal at Trenel (22/422016) proved to be only the second vcr for the var. and was demonstrated to members of the Llanelli Naturalists at a field meeting in April together with other aquatics, for example, the water crowfoots Ranunculus trichophyllus and R.baudotii and Potamogeton crispus (Curled Pondweed) (Pryce, 1992a). In August Kickxia elatine (Sharp-leaved Fluellen) together with Linaria supina (Prostrate Toadflax) was frequent on the disused mineral railway track alongside the canal at Trenel (22/421018). Kickxia was also present on the old railway south of Pembrey Church (22 /428012) and the canal nearby held another stonewort, Nitella flexilis IKM, det. AO) together with an abundance of Lemna minuta (=L. minuscula) (Least Duckweed), the individual floating fronds appearing tiny next to those of L. minor (Common Duckweed).

An extensive population of Linaria supina was discovered by GH on a large, recently disturbed, sandy area north of the harbour at Burry Port (22/444006), within a few hundred yards of the railway sidings site where populations were noted in the 1960s and 70s.

At least 200 plants were counted. In the same disturbed area there was a large flowering of Papaver dubium (Long-headed Poppy) and a few P. rhoeas (Common Poppy). No doubt, as soon as the grass becomes re-established, all of these species will again become obliterated. Also at Burry Port, several prostrate plants of Malva neglecta (Dwarf Mallow) were found growing in fissures in the concrete capping to the western wall of the harbour in front of the Yacht Club (22/445003) (IKM). This is the second post-1970 record of the species which is more frequent on the lighter soils of south and east England.

In September, a potato field at Marros Mill (22/206077) was found by GH & RDP to be over-run by Chenopodium polyspermum (Many-seeded Goosefoot) but extensive searching did not reveal any other significant arable weeds.

Lemna gibba (Fat Duckweed) was found in three new localities: in a ditch southeast of Cors Goch, Llanllwch (22/362185); in another ditch by the railway bridge at Morfa, Llanelli (21/517992) and in the old canal along the northeastern perimeter of Ffrwd Fen (22/421017) (all IKM). This species, no doubt, has been overlooked in the vc in the past due to the fact that it rarely attains its fully gibbous state and should be searched for in suitable habitat. One plant of Lamium amplexicaule (Henbit), growing on a mound c dumped soil with several plants of Lamium hybridum (Cut-leaved Dead-nettle), Mercurialis annua (Annual Mercury) and abundant Stachys arvensis (Field Woundwort) at the recreation area behind Bethlehem Chapel, Pwll (22/473009) was a noteworthy find in late September. This is only the 2nd recent vcr of L. amplexicaule. A month later, a single but strongly growing plant of Misopates orontium (Weasel-snout) was also noted at the same site (all IKM). IKM also found Mercurialis annua again on dumped soil, beside the Afon Dafen at 21/505987, whilst nearby he recorded a tall plant of Angelica archangelica (Garden Angelica), doubtless a garden throw-out. On 29th July, almost forty plants of Lactuca serriola (Prickly Lettuce) were discovered by IKM on disturbed soil alongside the new arterial road extending south into the Machynys peninsula (21/511987). This was the first record for the species in the vice county since 1912 and the population was subsequently independently found by GH who was able to demonstrate it, together with other notable casuals and weeds, to members of the Llanelli Naturalists at the field meeting on 5th Sepember (Hutchinson, 1993). These included the first vcr of Helianthus annuus (Sunflower) at 21/508987 and Lamium hybridum (Cut-leaved Dead-nettle) at 21/507986 in the vicinity of South Dock.

On the site of the old railway sidings at Morfa, Llanelli Ali (21/517992), GH discovered four plants of Papaver dubium s sp. lecoqii (Yellow-juiced Poppy). This was the only the second vcr and a few days afterwards, IKM also discovered the population but was able to find twelve plants. Associated with the sp. were several Papaver somniferum (Opium Poppy) and a single Papaver rhoeas (Common Poppy). At the same site, GH noted three clumps t Lychnis coronaria (Rose Campion) in 1992, a species he discovered here the previous season.

1991 records made by IKM thought to be of Sisymbrium altissimum (Tall Rocket) from the area east of Llanelli were determined by GH as Coincya monensis subsp. recurvata (Rhynchosinapis cheiranthos) (Wallflower Cabbage). Specifically they refer to plants found at Loughor Bridge (21 /59n), Penrhyngwyn, Machynys (21 /59d) and Llangennech (22 /50q). In 1992 the species was also seen at Penrhyngwyn (21/517973).

Marrubium vulgare (White Horehound) is a rather rare labiate of dry situations which has only previously been noted in the vc on three occasions. The species was noted at Pembrey Burrows by Dr.W.A.Shoolbred in 1899 but on 5th June 1992, two, rather poor plants were discovered by IKM & RDP growing in the foundations of the now-abandoned road to the west of Pembrey Harbour (22/436002) , where a diverse weed flora has appeared amongst the mix of 'disturbed sandy-soil and rubble. One majestic plant of Onopordum acanthium (Cotton Thistle) was also present, this only the second recent record. The burrows between here and Pembrey Country Park were a magnificent sight in late spring with the most prolific flowering for many years of Orchis mono (Green-winged Orchid) amounting to many thousands of spikes on dry dune hollows and slopes covering several acres. Although rather past their peak,

the population was stared at in wonderment by the members of the Dyfed Wildlife Trust field meeting led by GH & RDP on 24 May (Pryce, 1992c). Several small populations of Silene arnica (Sand Catchfly) as well as frequent Vulpia fasciculata (Dune Fescue) were also noted on this occasion. A few weeks later on 21st August, also on Pembrey Burrows , Dr.P.A.Jones collected specimens of Asperula cynanchica (Squinancywort) from two separate populations (22/433002 & 22 /432002), the first records from the site since 1936.

The Verbascum nigrum (Black Mullein) recorded by 1KM at Glan Tow (22/672248) in October 1990 has been redetermined by GH as Verbasc virgatum (twiggy Mullein) and is the first inland record. In 1992 five plants of V. virgatum were noted growing on the bank of the River Gwendraeth fach (22/404068) and one plant appeared spontaneously in the vegetable plot of a garden at Erw-las, Llwynhendy (21/537993) (IKM, det GH). In the same garden, a single plant of Oxalis stricta (Upright Yellow-sorrel) was found (IKM, det. A.O.Chater (AOC)) which was only the third vcr. A related species, Oxalis exilis (Procumbent Yellow-sorrel), was found in front of a house at Llanwrda (22 /713315) (IKM, conf. AOC) and is a new vcr. Another first vcr was GH's Allium moly (Yellow Garlic) growing on a roadside verge about forty yards from a house in Llanpumsaint (22/412296).

The first vcr of escaped Brassica oleracea subsp. gemmifer (Brussels Sprout) was made by Annie Mary Pell on a woodland edge at Talley (22/630332) well away from any garden. Escaped specimens of the garden, pink-flowered 'mossy-saxifrage' have been determined by R.J.Gornall as Saxifraga x arendsii group. The first and second vcrs are respectively from Llanwrda (22 /7131) (GH,1986) and Llanfihangel-ar-Arth (22/452393) (GH,1988)

It is likely that a bird was the seed dispersal agent responsible for the first vcr of Cotoneaster helmqvistii (Helmqvist's Cotoneaster), a young plant of which was found at the base of the perimeter wall of St. David's Church, Llwynhendy (21/539997) (0, M, det. J.Fryer (JF)); a mature plant of this species grows in a nearby cottage garden. Other first vcr cotoneasters det by JF were C.sternianus (Stern's Cotoneaster) in a hedgebank south of Llanybydder (22/5242) (GH, 1991); C.salicifolius (Willow-leaved Cotoneaster) in a mixed plantation near Ferryside (22/366095) (GH, 1991) and C.rehderi (Bullate Cotoneaster) from a streamside wood near the Crychan Forest (22/818394) (M&JI, 1991).

In addition, JF has confirmed the redetermination of all C.microphyllus material in NMW, (the species which is so abundant in quarries along the outcrop of the Carboniferous Limestone), as C. integnfolius (Small-leaved Cotoneaster).

Trachystemon orientalis (Abraham, Isaac and Jacob) is a comfrey-like member of the borage family which flowers in late winter. Material thrown-out from a garden in Denham Avenue, Llanelli has spread and become dominant in an area of secondary woodland near the now-derelict Penywern Cottage at the edge of Stradey Woo (22/495014). Carex pendula (Pendulous Sedge), the rampant gar' _tri form of Yellow Archangel (Lamiastrum galeobdolon subsp. argentatum) and Allium triquetrum (Three-cornered Leek) have also established themselves here to varying degrees (IKM). Offshoots of Trachystemon given to the Stradey Castle garden, have likewise been apparently discarded (or removed) to nearby areas of woodland where they now thrive (eg near "The Lodge", 22/494015) (Morgan, 1992).

As usual my thanks go to all who have submitted records without whom recording for the flora would never have reached this advanced state. But my special gratitude must go to both Ian Morgan whose continued encouragement is never absent due to his own contageous enthusiasm and, of course, to George Hutchinson who not only probably does more than 50% of all the annual field work but also finds time to determine his own as well as other recorders' specimens and also insulates me from the chore of sending specimens to referees. His meticulous cataloguing and record keeping always keeps me on my toes and he is never averse to picking me up on any minor error or omission (or anyone elses!). I must also thank the numerous BSBI referees whom George has consulted: the speed by which some of them are able to reply can be quite astonishing! Finally I must thank George and Ian for correcting and suggesting various additions to the first draft of his report

REFERENCES

Davies,R.H. (1993). Pwll Edrychiad: The Spectacular Pit Llanelli Nats. Newsl. Winter 1992-93: 8-10.

Graham,G.G, Preston,C.D & Primavesi,A.L. (c.1992). Criteria for accepting or rejecting records of Rosa. unpubished

Hutchinson,G. (1993). Field Meeting Report: South Llanelli, 5th Sept. 1992. Llanelli Nats. Newsl. Winter 1992-93: 46-47.

Morgan,I.K. (1992). Field Meeting Reports: Stradey Woods, 18th January 1992. Llanelli Nats. Newsl. Summer 1992: 11-12.

Morgan,I.K. (1993). Plant Records of interest in 1992. Unpubl. 

Pryce,R.D. (1992a). Field Meeting Reports: Pembrey Canal and Court Wood, 26th April 1992. Llanelli Nats. NewsL Summer 1992: 12-13.

Pryce,R.D. (1992b). Field Meeting Reports: Laugharne, 27th June 1992, Llanelli Nats. NewsL Summer 1992: 14.

Pryce,R.D. (1992c). Pembrey Dunes. Dyfed Wildlife Trust Bull. 59: 12.